Birta shubka ah waa daawaha birta-carbon oo leh jajab tiro badan oo kaarboon ah oo ka weyn 2.11%. Birta shubka ah waxaa lagu helaa iyada oo dib loogu soo celinayo birta doofaarka ee foornada, ku dar ferroalloy, birta qashinka, iyo dib ugu noqoshada foornada si loo hagaajiyo halabuurka.Birta kabka cawliyo birta ductile waa labada bir ee ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista shubka.
Darajooyinka birta ee Shiinaha ee kabka waxaa inta badan lagu muujiyaa oo lagu kala saaraa sifooyin farsamo. Tirooyinka ugu horreeya ee darajada waxay muujinayaan awoodda ugu yar ee xajinta (MPa), iyo qaybta labaad ee nambarada (haddii ay jiraan) waxay muujinayaan dhererka ugu yar ee nasashada (%). Labada qaybood ee nambarada waxaa lagu kala saaraa "-".
Koodhka xarafka Ingiriisiga ee birta cawlan waa HT, halka H ay tahay xarafka ugu horreeya ee Shiinaha Pinyin (Hui Se) oo macneheedu yahay cawl; T waa xarafka ugu horreeya ee Shiinaha Pinyin (Tie) ee birta. Tirooyinka ku jira darajooyinka birta cawlan ee Shiinaha ayaa tilmaamaya awoodda xajinta ugu yar (MPa). Tusaale ahaan, HT250 waxay ka dhigan tahay birta cawl ee kabka ah oo leh ugu yaraan xoogga xajinta ee 250 MPa.
| Isbarbardhigga Birta Cas ee Cawlan ee laga keenay waddamo kala duwan | ||||||||||
| Maya | Shiinaha | Japan | USA | ISO | Jarmalka | Faransiiska | Ruushka | UK | ||
| GB | JIS | ASTM | UNS | DIN | W-Nr. | NF EN | гост | BS | ||
| 1 | HT100 | FC100 | GG10 | 0.6010 | EN-GJL-100 | гч10 | Fasalka 100 | |||
| 2 | HT150 | FC150 | 150/~ No.20 | F11401 | ISO 185/JL/150 | GG15 | 0.6015 | EN-GJL-150 | гч15 | Fasalka 150 |
| 3 | HT200 | FC200 | 200/~ No.30 | F12101 | ISO 185/JL/200 | GG20 | 0.6020 | EN-GJL-200 | 18 gram 20 garaam 21 | Fasalka 180 Fasalka 220 |
| 4 | HT250 | FC250 | 250/~ No.35 | F12401 | ISO 185/JL/250 | GG25 | 0.6025 | EN-GJL-250 | 24 garaam 25 | Fasalka 260 |
| 5 | HT300 | FC300 | 300/~ No.45 | F13101 | ISO 185/JL/300 | GG30 | 0.6030 | EN-GJL-300 | 30 | Fasalka 300 |
| 6 | HT350 | FC350 | 350/~ No.50 | F13501 | ISO 185/JL/350 | GG35 | 0.6035 | EN-GJL-350 | 35 | Fasalka 350 |
Codka xarafka Ingiriisiga eebirta ductilewaa QT, halkaas oo Q ay tahay xarafka ugu horreeya ee Pinyin Shiinaha (Qiumo) ee garaafka shiinaha ee spheroidal; T waa xarafka ugu horreeya ee Shiinaha Pinyin (Tie) ee birta. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo tirooyin ah oo ku jira darajooyinka birta birta ah ee Shiinaha. Qaybta hore ee tirooyinka waxay ka dhigan tahay awoodda ugu yar ee xajinta (MPa), iyo qaybta labaad ee nambarada waxay ka dhigan tahay dhererka ka dib jabka (%). Labada qaybood ee nambarada waxaa lagu kala saaraa "-". Tusaale ahaan, QT400-18 waxay ka dhigan tahay birta ductile ee ugu yar ee xoogga xajinta ee 480 MPa iyo dhererka ugu yar ee 18%.
| Heerka Birta Ductile ee Wadamo kala duwan | ||||||||||
| Maya | Shiinaha | Japan | USA | ISO | Jarmal | Faransiiska | Russia гост | UK BS | ||
| GB | JIS | ASTM | UNS | DIN | W-Nr. | NF | ||||
| 1 | FCD350-22 | - | - | 350-22 | - | - | - | BCH35 | 350/22 | |
| 2 | QT400-15 | FCD400-15 | - | - | 400-15 | GGG-40 | 0.7040 | EN-GJS-400-15 | BCH40 | 370/17 |
| 3 | QT400-18 | FCD400-18 | 60-40-18 | F32800 | 400-18 | - | - | EN-GJS-400-18 | - | 400/18 |
| 4 | QT450-10 | FCD450-10 | 65-45-12 | F33100 | 450-10 | - | - | EN-GJS-450-10 | BCH45 | 450/10 |
| 5 | QT500-7 | FCD500-7 | 80-55-6 | F33800 | 500-7 | GGG-50 | 0.7050 | EN-GJS-500-7 | BCH50 | 500/7 |
| 6 | QT600-3 | FCD600-3 | ≈80-55-06 ≈100-70-03 | F3300 F34800 | 600-3 | GGG-60 | 0.7060 | EN-GJS-600-3 | Bч60 | 600/3 |
| 7 | QT700-2 | FCD700-2 | 100-70-03 | F34800 | 700-2 | GGG-70 | 0.7070 | EN-GJS-700-2 | BCH70 | 700/2 |
| 8 | QT800-2 | FCD800-2 | 120-90-02 | F36200 | 800-2 | GGG-80 | 0.7080 | EN-GJS-800-2 | BCH80 | 800/2 |
| 8 | QT900-2 | 120-90-02 | F36200 | 800-2 | GGG-80 | 0.7080 | EN-GJS-900-2 | ≈Bч100 | 900/2 | |
| Isbarbardhigga Birta Cawlan | Qaab-dhismeedka yar-yar (Jajabyada Mugga) | |||
| Shiinaha (GB/T 9439) | ISO 185 | ASTM A48/A48M | EN 1561 | Dhismaha Matrix |
| HT100 (HT10-26) | 100 | No.20 F11401 | EN-GJL-100 | Pearlite: 30-70 s, jajab aan dhab ahayn; Ferrite: 30-70; Fosfooraska Binary Eutectic: ＜7％ |
| HT150 (HT15-33) | 150 | No.25A F11701 | EN-GJL-150 | Pearlite: 40-90 , jajabyo aan qallafsaneyn oo dhexdhexaad ah; Ferrite: 10-60; Fosfooraska Binary Eutectic: ＜7％ |
| HT200 (HT20-40) | 200 | No.30A F12101 | EN-GJL-200 | Pearlite: ：95％, jajab dhexdhexaad ah; Ferrite 5; Fosfooraska Binary Eutectic |
| HT250 (HT25-47) | 250 | No.35A F12401 No.40A F12801 | EN-GJL-250 | Pearlite: ：98％ Jilibka khafiifka ah ee dhexdhexaadka ah; Fosfooraska Binary Eutectic:＜2％ |
| HT300 (HT30-54) | 300 | No.45A F13301 | EN-GJL-300 | Pearlite: ：98％ Jilibka khafiifka ah ee dhexdhexaadka ah; Fosfooraska Binary Eutectic:＜2％ |
| HT350 (HT35-61) | 350 | No.50A F13501 | EN-GJL-350 | Pearlite: ：98％ Jilibka khafiifka ah ee dhexdhexaadka ah; Fosfooraska Binary Eutectic: ＜1％ |
| Isbarbardhigga Birta Ductile | Halabuurka Kiimikada () | Dhismaha Matrix | |||||||||
| GB/T 1348-1988 | ASTM A536-84 (2004) | EN 1563:-1997 | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mg | Re | kuwa kale | |
| QT400-18 | 60-40-18① F32800 | GJS-400-18 JS1020 | 3.6-3.8 | 2.3-2.7 | 0.5 | 08.08 | 0.025 | 0.03-0.05 | 0.02-0.03 | - | Ferrite oo la xiray |
| QT400-15 | 60-42-10 F32900 | GJS-400-15 JS1030 | 3.5-3.6 | 3.0-3.2 | 0.5 | 00.07 | 02.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 | - | Ferrite oo la xiray |
| QT450-10 | 65-45-12 F33100 | GJS-450-10 JS1040 | 3.4-3.9 | 2.7-3.0 | 0.2-0.5 | 00.07 | 03.03 | 0.06-0.1 | 0.03-0.1 | - | Ferrite oo la xiray |
| QT500-7 | 70-50-05 | GJS-500-7 JS1050 | 3.6-3.8 | 2.5-2.9 | 0.6 | 08.08 | 0.025 | 0.03-0.05 | 0.03-0.05 | - | Pearlite + Ferrite |
| QT600-3 | 80-60-03② F34100 | GJS-600-3 JS1060 | 3.6-3.8 | 2.0-2.4 | 0.5-0.7 | 08.08 | 0.025 | 0.035-0.05 | 0.025-0.045 | - | Pearlite caadiga ah |
| QT700-2 | 100-70-03 F34800 | GJS-700-2 JS1070 | 3.7-4.0 | 2.3-2.6 | 0.5-0.8 | 08.08 | 02.02 | 0.035-0.065 | 0.035-0.065 | Mo0.15-0.4 Cu0.4-0.8 | Isku qas Microstructure |
| QT800-2 | - | GJS-800-2 JS1080 | 3.7-4.0 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 00.07 | 03.03 | - | - | Mo0.39 Cu0.82 | Isku qas Microstructure |
| QT900-2 | 120-90-02 F36200 | GJS-900-2 JS1090 | 3.5-3.7 | 2.7-3.0 | 0.5 | 08.08 | 0.025 | 0.03-0.05 | 0.025-0.045 | Mo0.15-0.25 Cu0.5-0.7 | Bainite Hoose |
| ① laga bilaabo ASTM A716-2003. ② laga bilaabo ASTM A476/A476M-2000. | |||||||||||
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-13-2022