Waxaa ka mid ah noocyada kala duwan ee daawaynta wax shubidda, birta kabka ee xidhashada u adkaysata waa bir daawaha ah oo aad loo isticmaalo. Kabka u adkaysta xidhashada inta badan waxa ay wanaajisaa caabbinta xidhashadashubista birtaiyadoo lagu darayo waxyaabo kala duwan oo ah walxo daawaha, sida manganese, chromium, carbon, iwm. Isla mar ahaantaana, iska caabbinta xirashada ee dhejisyada birta u adkaysta waxay sidoo kale ku xiran tahay habka daaweynta kulaylka ee loo isticmaaloaasaaskaiyo qaab dhismeedka wax shubista.
Marka loo eego sifooyinka xirashada ee kala duwan, xirashada dhejinta birta waxaa loo qaybin karaa xirmo xoqan, xirashada koollada, xirashada daalka, xirashada daxalka iyo xirashada xanaaqa. Tuubbooyinka birta u adkaysta ayaa inta badan lagu isticmaalaa gudahabeeraha warshadahaoo leh xaalado shaqo oo adag iyo shuruudaha waxqabadka farsamada sare, sida macdanta, birta,dhismo, awoodda, petrochemical, ilaalinta biyaha,beerahaiyo warshadaha gaadiidka. Tuubbooyinka birta u adkaysta ayaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa xaaladaha ciribtirka leh ee leh culays saamayn gaar ah leh, sida qalabka wax lagu shiido, kuwa qodaya, burburiyaha, cagafyada, iwm.
Warshadaha aasaasiga ah, noocyada caadiga ah ee la isticmaalo ee birta kabka u adkaysta waxaa ka mid ah birta manganese-adkeysiga u adkaysata, birta chromium-u adkaysta, xidhashada birta shubka hoose ee daawaha u adkaysta iyo xidhashada birta kaarboonka. Goobta RMC Foundry, kabka birta adkaysiga u leh waxaa tuuri kara dhowr hannaan oo shub ah oo ay ku jiraantuurista ciid cagaaran, shubista ciid dahaarka leh, shubista caaryada aan duban, shubista maalgashiga, tuurista xumbo luntay iyovacuum tuurid.
1) Birta Manganese-ka-iska-caabbinta leh
Marka loo eego nuxurka kala duwan ee manganese-ka, birta manganese-ka adkaysiga u leh ee shubista waxa ay badi u qaybsantaa bir kabka ah ee manganese-ka hooseeya, birta shubka u adkaysta ee manganese dhexdhexaadka ah. Birta manganese-ka ee u adkaysata xidhashada waxay leedahay adayg sare mana fududa in la jebiyo inta la isticmaalayo. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxay leedahay shaqo adag oo adag, sidaas darteed birta manganese ee u adkaysata waxay ku habboon tahay xaaladaha xirashada abrasive.
Sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo darajooyinka birta manganese u adkaysata ee shubista waa: M13 (Hadfield Steel), Mn5, Mn6, Mn7, Mn8, Mn17 ZG120Mn7Mo1, ZG120Mn13, ZG120Mn13Cr2, J9119, J911439, J90
2) Birta chrome ee u adkaysata xidhashada
Birta chromium ee u adkaysata xidhashada ee shubista waxay hagaajisaa adkaanta waxayna xidhataa caabbinta birta kabka iyadoo ku daraysa qadar ku haboon oo chromium ah birta daawaha. Kordhinta nuxurka chromium ee birta kaarboon ee dhexdhexaadka ah waxay wanaajin kartaa adkaanta birta shubka waxayna sidoo kale wanaajisaa adkaanta birta shubka ah. Ku darida qadar yar oo molybdenum ah waxay sii wanaajin kartaa adkaanta birta shubka ah. Habka daawaynta kulaylka ee birta chromium ee xidhashada u adkaysata waa guud ahaan heer kulka deminta + heerkulka hooseeya. Waa in la ogaadaa in marka maaddada kaarboon ee birta chromium-ka adkaysiga u leh ay korodho wakhti kasta, adkaanta shubista birta ayaa kordhi doonta, laakiin adayggeeda ayaa yaraan doonta.
Darajooyinka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo birta chromium-u adkaysta ee shubista waa: ZG30CrMo, ZG35CrMo, ZG40Cr, ZG40CrMo, ZG42CrMo, ZG50CrMo, iwm.
3) Xidho-iska-caabbinta birta-daawaynta hooseeysa
Bir-daawaha hoose waxaa loola jeedaa birta aluminiumka ah oo leh walxo alloying ah oo ka yar 5%. Maaddaama adkaanta iyo adkaanta birta kabka-daawaha hoose lagu hagaajin karo tiro aad u weyn, birta-daawaha hoose ee adkaysiga u leh ayaa si aad ah iyo aad u ballaaran loo isticmaalaa. Markaad dooranayso habka wax lagu shubo ee birta iyo kulaylka, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si buuxda loo tixgeliyo xoogga, saamaynta tamarta iyo xidhashada caabbinta birta dabaysha ee yar-yar ee u adkaysta si loo gaadho saamaynta ugu habboon. Walxaha alwaaxinta caadiga ah ee birta kabka u adkeysata yar-yar waxaa ka mid ah molybdenum, chromium, manganese, nikkel, iyo silicon.
Darajooyinka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo ee birta daawaynta hoose ee dawaynta u adkaysata ee shubka waa: ZG30Mn2Si, ZG30Mn2SiCr, ZG30CrMnSiMo, ZG30CrNiMo, ZG40CrNiMo, iwm.
4) Birta Kaarboonka ee Xiro-U adkaysta
Iska caabbinta xirashada birta kaarboon waxaa inta badan lagu helaa adkeynta dusha sare ee shubka birta. Marka waxa ku jira kaarboonku uu ka weyn yahay 0.35%, adkaynta induction dusheeda ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa dusha sare ee birta tuurista. Marka waxa ku jira kaarboonku uu ka yar yahay 0.35%, shubista kaarboonka birta ah waa la kaarbuurayn karaa, nitrided ama karbonitrided si loo hagaajiyo caabbinta xidhashada.
Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-02-2021